9-9-2002

 

Lieutenant Benjamin Ingram Harper Veteran of the Battle of San Jacinto

 

Jean L. Epperson

 

 

 Benjamin Ingram Harper was an early Texas settler and a soldier in the Texas Army during her fight for Independence from Mexico. He participated in the Battle of Conception and the Siege of Bexar (San Antonio) from October to early December 1835, and the Battle of San Jacinto in April 1836.  He was born in 1809 one of nine children of John Harper and his wife Martha Pennington of Mecklenburg County, Virginia.[1]

 

Benjamin resided near the Trinity River in 1833 and was listed as a school master in what has been called the first school in Liberty County.[2]  He had come to Texas with his Cousin Jonathan (John) W. Harper sometime before October 1833.[3]  It is possible that he was hired to tutor the children of Thomas D. Yocum whose daughter, Evelina, became his wife in 1834.  Yocum had bought the improvements on the Trinity River at Moss Bluff from Henry Moss and located a part of his Texas head right there.  Moss had no legitimate claim to the land.

 

Doctor Nicholas Labadie lived at Lake Charlotte just off the Trinity River south of Moss Bluff and was physician to Benjamin and Evelina Harper.  His Day Book was the first record of Benjamin’s presence in Texas.  In July 1834 the doctor noted that he traveled six miles to attend Benjamin Harper’s wife and prescribed quinine solution and some other drug.[4] Six miles must have been a round trip figure therefore Benjamin lived somewhere between Labadie and Moss Bluff. Another mention of Benjamin’s home was made by Joseph P. Pulsifer of Beaumont who said Benjamin lived at “Pleasant Grove” on the Trinity River.[5]   

 

Captain Andrew Briscoe, of Anahuac, organized the Liberty Volunteers in 1835.  He and the troops joined Ben Milam on October 24 to participate in the Battle of Conception and the Siege of Bexar.  Benjamin Harper was a member of the company.[6] 

 

Returning home from San Antonio, Benjamin went to work in Beaumont for Joseph P. Pulsifer.  Benjamin’s son, Andrew Milam Harper, born February 10, 1836 in Beaumont, was named partly in honor of Ben Milam who died during the siege of Bexar. When Travis’ last appeal for assistance from the Alamo arrived in that community, Harper organized a company of 28 local men and left for Liberty to join Captain William M. Logan’s troops known as the Third Company Infantry, Second Regiment, Texas Volunteers. Harper was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant.[7] The news of the fall of the Alamo reached the troops when they were camped on a large mound just before they reached San Felipe.  Heart sick, they joined Sam Houston’s troops and participated in the Battle of San Jacinto April 21, 1836.  After the victory at San Jacinto, Captain Logan discharged his 90 day volunteers.  His two lieutenants, Franklin Hardin and B.“J”. Harper , re-enlisted many of them into two companies because a number of Mexican armies still in Texas remained a threat.  Most of the Jefferson County volunteers joined Captain Harper’s Company.[8]

 

It should be noted that many official records pertaining to Benjamin I. Harper listed him as B. “J.” Harper this was apparently due to the fact that his signature made it difficult for the viewer to distinguish between his “I” and a “J”.  See his signature. Appendix I.

 

After the war Benjamin made application to the government to be reimbursed for several items; a roan horse worth $40.00, which was lost at a camp between Conception and Bexar, a Spanish saddle valued at $12.00, and his rifle worth $25.00, lost in storming San Antonio.[9]

 

On March 4, 1835 Benjamin J. Harper had been granted a league of land by the Mexican government to which he was entitled as a man of family who had immigrated to the country prior to 1836.  This land was located on Long King’s Creek in Vehlien’s Colony in what is now Polk County.[10]   He was actually entitled to a league (4,438 acres) and a labor (144 acres).  He applied for the labor later in Jefferson County and was granted the land certificate which was transferred to Jesse Benton on March 13, 1838.[11]

 

By 1840 Benjamin and Evelina were separated and Benjamin was living in Houston County with title to 2214 acres of land. His future father-in-law, Reynold Reynolds, was also living in Houston County and assessed taxes for two slaves, 39 cattle and no land.

 

Donation Land Grant #140 for 640 acres was given to Benjamin J. Harper  December 20, 1848 for being in the Battle of San Jacinto.  Four hundred eighty acres in Nacogdoches County were patented February 3, 1859 to Henry Loller and 160 acres in Rusk County were patented March 5, 1859 to William Hayes.[12] 

 

Bounty Land warrant #792 was issued to B. J. Harper on December 7, 1837 for 640 acres for his service in the Texas Army from March 6 to September 6, 1836. He apparently lost this and a duplicate warrant was issued on December 20, 1848.  Thirtytwo.six acres were patented November 20, 1919 in Harrison County and two surveys for 213.33 acres and 426 acres in Young County were surveyed but never patented.[13]

   

The 1850 U. S. Census of Houston County shows Benjamin Harper age 41 a farmer living with his second wife Nancy J. (Reynolds) age 20.   

 

The 1860 Census of Walker County lists B. J. Harper 51 years, school teacher, his wife Nancy J. age 30, and children John (Reynold) 7 years, Webster (Ingram) 3 years, Martha E. 2 years old.  A third son, Jefferson (D.) was born in 1861.[14]

 

Family tradition says that Benjamin died in the spring of 1863 probably of consumption (tuberculosis) and was buried on his farm in the Kittrell Cutoff Community in Walker County. This cemetery was destroyed by the present owner and the tomb stones of Benjamin’s wife and children were moved to the Chalk Cemetery near the Kittrell Community on the east side of the Trinity River. No stone for Benjamin has ever been found.[15]

 

At the present time the only recognition of the service of Benjamin I. Harper to his adopted state is an inscription of his name on the San Jacinto Monument at the San Jacinto Battleground, and that inscription lists his name incorrectly as Benjamin “J” Harper.

 

Benjamin I. Harper is deserving of a historic grave marker because he was an early settler, an upstanding citizen and a soldier of merit during the Texas War of Independence.  The marker would be erected at the Chalk Cemetery where headstones of his wife and children are located.

 

 

 



[1]     John Harper, Will,  July 17, 1814, Micklenburg County, Virginia.

[2]     Nicholas Descomps Labadie, Day Book,  manuscript, San Jacinto Monument Museum, LaPorte,    

Texas.  Copy in possession of the author;   Kevin Ladd and Harry G. Daves, “The First School In Liberty County,”  The Age. (Wallisville,Texas: Wallisville Heritage Park., Jan. 1986).

[3]     Petition of B. I. Harper to the Legislature of Texas, Dec. 24, 1854, State Archives, Austin, Texas.  Benjamin Harper petitioned for his deceased cousin Jonathan Harper’s land grant due his estate as Jonathan immigrated to Texas in 1833 and died in 1834 in Liberty County.

[4]      Ibid.  Labadie, Day Book, pg. 55.

[5]      Judith Walker Linsley and Ellen Walker Reinstra, editors, “Letter From Joseph P. Pulsifer” , The Texas Gulf Historical and Biographical  Record, (Nederland, Texas: Nederland Printing Co, Nov. 1983), 61.

[6]    Miriam Partlow, Liberty, Liberty County and the Atascosito District, (Austin: The Pemberton Press, 1974), 98-99.

[7]   Ibid, Linsley and Reinstra,  61:   Partlow, Liberty, Liberty  County and the Atascosito District, 102.

[8]    W. T. Block, A History of Jefferson County, Texas, from Wilderness to Reconstruction  (Nederland, Texas: Nederland Publishing Co., 1976), 24-25.  

[9]     Linda  Whitley,  “Benjamin I. Harper, San Jacinto Veteran”. Texana (Vol. X, #4, 1972), 328-334.  Documents from the Texas State Archives, Austin.

[10]    Virginia H. Taylor, The Spanish Archives of the General Land Office of Texas (Austin, The Lone Star Press, 1955), 194.

[11]    Ibid., Whitley, Benjamin I. Harper.

[12]    T. L. Miller, Bounty and Donation Land Grants of Texas ( Austin: University of Texas Press, 1957).                                        General Land Office of Texas, Donation Grant #140, and Patent 659, volume 2, abstract 289 and Patent 667, volume 2, abstract 422.

[13]     Ibid. Miller, Bounty and Donation Land Grants, 326-327.

[14]     U. S. Census Records of Houston and Walker Counties and Chalk Cemetery Tomb Stones in Walker County.

[15]     Ibid. Whitley, Benjamin Harper, 333.